Ninth of Av

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Definition

Proper noun A solemn day of fasting and mourning in the Jewish religion, observed on the ninth day of the Hebrew month of Av. It commemorates the destruction of both the First Temple (by the Babylonians in 586 BCE) and the Second Temple (by the Romans in 70 CE), along with other tragedies in Jewish history.

Usage

The term "Ninth of Av" is used to refer to the specific holy day itself, its associated rituals, and the historical events it remembers. * The community gathered at the synagogue to observe the Ninth of Av. * The Ninth of Av is considered the saddest day on the Jewish calendar. * Fasting begins at sunset on the eve of the Ninth of Av.

Advanced Usage
  • "The Three Weeks" and "The Nine Days": The Ninth of Av is the culmination of a three-week period of mourning, with intensified mourning during the final nine days.
  • Liturgical Readings: On the Ninth of Av, the Book of Lamentations () is read in a mournful tone, and liturgical poems () are recited.
Variants and Related Words
  • Tisha B'Av (Proper noun): The more common Hebrew name for the Ninth of Av.
  • Fast of Av (Noun phrase): Another descriptive name for the day, emphasizing the practice of fasting.
  • Av (Proper noun): The eleventh month of the civil Jewish calendar and the fifth of the ecclesiastical year, in which the fast occurs.
Synonyms
  • Tisha B'Av: The direct Hebrew synonym.
  • Fast of the Fifth Month: A descriptive synonym referencing the month's place in the ecclesiastical calendar (Book of Zechariah 8:19).
Related Phrases
  • To observe the Ninth of Av: To partake in the rituals and customs of the day, such as fasting, reading Lamentations, and refraining from joyous activities.
  • The Ninth of Av falls on...: A phrase used to state the Gregorian calendar date for the observance in a given year.
Related Concepts
  • Day of Mourning: A general term for a day dedicated to grief and remembrance, of which the Ninth of Av is a specific example.
  • Temple in Jerusalem: The central holy site whose destructions are the primary events commemorated on the Ninth of Av.
Noun
  1. (Judaism) a major fast day on the Jewish calendar commemorating the destruction of the temples in Jerusalem

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